{"id":4634,"date":"2018-06-01T16:35:49","date_gmt":"2018-06-01T20:35:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/commons.trincoll.edu\/ebuckhor\/?page_id=4634"},"modified":"2018-09-27T14:00:16","modified_gmt":"2018-09-27T18:00:16","slug":"concussions","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/commons.trincoll.edu\/reporter-spring2018\/features\/concussions\/","title":{"rendered":"Concussions"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>Tackling head injuries from several angles<\/h3>\n<p><em>By Jim H. Smith<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Saturday, October 11, 2014, featured a cider-crisp snap in the air\u2014perfect football weather. Trinity, riding a 52-game home-win streak, was hosting the Tufts University Jumbos. The Bantams had begun the season with victories over Colby, Williams, and Hamilton by an impressive cumulative score of 89\u201314.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_4652\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"width: 410px\"><a href=\"http:\/\/commons.trincoll.edu\/reporter-spring2018\/files\/2018\/09\/concussion2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-4652\" src=\"http:\/\/commons.trincoll.edu\/reporter-spring2018\/files\/2018\/09\/concussion2.jpg\" alt=\"Mike Weatherby '14\" width=\"400\" height=\"459\"><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mike Weatherby \u201914 Photo: Ed Cunicelli<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Mike Weatherby \u201914, an American studies major from Atlantic City, New Jersey, was on his game that afternoon. The speedy, hard-hitting outside linebacker was a Trinity graduate student at the time; since he had missed his first year while recovering from shoulder surgery, he was playing out his final year of eligibility. With back-to-back sacks in the third quarter, he buried the Jumbos deep in their territory, forcing them to punt. Then, late in the game, he capped his big afternoon with an interception. But it turned out to be something of a Pyrrhic victory.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cTypically, I was an emotional player,\u201d says Weatherby, a team captain, \u201cbut after the interception, I just felt foggy. I knew something was off.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Weatherby was well aware of the risk for head injuries that all football players accept as part of the game. What felt strange, though, was that he couldn\u2019t remember hitting his head during the game. And no one had tackled him particularly hard.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Trinity went on to win 35\u201314. But Weatherby was diagnosed with a concussion and had to sit out for two games. In the second of those contests, he could only watch from the sidelines as Middlebury soundly defeated his team, winning by 20 points and snapping the 53-game home-win streak.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_4653\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"width: 310px\"><a href=\"http:\/\/commons.trincoll.edu\/reporter-spring2018\/files\/2018\/09\/concussion1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-4653\" src=\"http:\/\/commons.trincoll.edu\/reporter-spring2018\/files\/2018\/09\/concussion1-300x235.jpg\" alt=\"football helmet\" width=\"300\" height=\"235\"><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Trinity football helmet connected to HelmetFit, a new inflation system that helps maintain a consistent fit for each player.&nbsp;<br \/>Photo: Ed Cunicelli<\/p><\/div>\n<p>As things turned out, though, Weatherby\u2019s concussion inspired him to think about how the air bladders inside players\u2019 helmets are inflated. At the time of his injury, helmets were inflated mostly according to how well players thought the helmets fit. On any given game day, a player might be wearing a helmet inflated differently from the last time he\u2019d worn it. It was all subjective.<\/p>\n<p>Weatherby knew that while a tight fit maximizes a helmet\u2019s protection, some players preferred wearing their helmets loose. So, in the years since his graduation\u2014while he worked in real estate and then joined the Tampa Bay Rays baseball organization in a promotional role from 2015 to 2017\u2014he has devoted his spare time to designing HelmitFit, a new inflation system that would enable trainers to precisely fit each player\u2019s helmet, day after day.<\/p>\n<p>Weatherby says he now has commitments from prominent Division I universities, including Syracuse and Ohio State, to use the system. \u201cOur goal,\u201d Weatherby asserts, \u201cis to consistently find the perfect balance, for every player, between comfort and a nice, snug fit.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>MINING THE DATA<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In recent years, news media have focused a glaring spotlight on the grim, and growing, roster of former NFL players suffering from chronic traumatic encephalopathy, or CTE, a debilitating and incurable disorder afflicting many \u200bwho have endured multiple brain injuries. In the ensuing dialogue, football and concussions have become almost synonymous.<\/p>\n<p>But it\u2019s important to note that not every concussion leads to CTE. Nor are concussions in sports limited to the gridiron. During the 2016\u201317 academic year, for instance, Trinity reported eight concussions. Though football accounted for four, two occurred in men\u2019s soccer, and one each in men\u2019s basketball and men\u2019s ice hockey. No matter where or how concussions occur, Trinity is seeking better ways to diagnose, monitor, manage, and prevent them.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAthletic training has evolved in response to the risk of head injuries,\u201d says Scot Ward, Trinity\u2019s director of sports medicine. \u201cRegardless of the sport, we\u2019re at all practices and events, and we treat any head injury as serious. We ask all of our student-athletes to participate in a baseline cognitive evaluation at the beginning of the year. Then we test the recovery of any athlete who has been concussed against his or her baseline. We\u2019re very circumspect about how long a player will be sidelined. With concussions, we take no chances.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Imran Hafeez, M.D., who has been involved with Trinity athletics since 2011 and has served as a team physician since 2015, says, \u201cThanks to our athletic trainers, student-athletes have a pretty good understanding of concussions. They understand the importance of complete recovery.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/commons.trincoll.edu\/reporter-spring2018\/files\/2018\/09\/concussion3.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-4654\" src=\"http:\/\/commons.trincoll.edu\/reporter-spring2018\/files\/2018\/09\/concussion3.jpg\" alt=\"Tweet\" width=\"314\" height=\"428\"><\/a>\u201cIn the past, concussions were addressed by requiring patients to pretty much put their lives on hold,\u201d he adds. \u201cIn recent years, however, treatment has changed to normalizing life as much as possible, as long as the patient isn\u2019t ignoring symptoms. Research has shown that this approach helps to speed recovery. So we don\u2019t ask students to stop attending classes, but we ask them to stop if they experience symptoms. Research has also shown that some low-level aerobic physical activity can also help people recover.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The big issue with concussions, says Hafeez, isn\u2019t whether an athlete has one. It\u2019s how the injured person deals with it. \u201cThe rule of thumb, if you have a concussion, is don\u2019t ignore it,\u201d he says, \u201cand don\u2019t put yourself in a situation to get another one until you\u2019ve been cleared.\u201d While there are no clear predictors for recovery\u2014each concussion is unique\u201480 percent of people recover fully and usually within a month. Student-athletes, most of whom are in excellent health, often recover more quickly than that.<\/p>\n<p>Last year, Ward and a group of Trinity staff attended a New England Small College Athletic Conference (NESCAC) Concussion Summit in Maine. The event was hosted by Paul Berkner, medical director of Health Services at Colby College and founder of the Maine Concussion Management Initiative (MCMI), a program launched in 2009 to promote awareness about concussions and to conduct research.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe MCMI is partnered with the NESCAC and more than 100 Maine high schools,\u201d says Berkner. \u201cThree years ago, we began receiving concussion reports from all of the NESCAC schools. We\u2019re looking for risk factors for prolonged recovery. Our database is still small. Currently, we have NESCAC data on about 1,200 concussions. By collecting and cross-referencing the data from these reports, we hope to better understand concussions and eventually reduce the number.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>UNDERSTANDING, PREVENTING<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Back at Trinity, several concussion-related studies are being conducted under the supervision of Sarah A. Raskin, professor of psychology and neuroscience, whose research focuses primarily on understanding the symptoms unique to individual brain injuries and the development of management techniques to improve quality of life for people who\u2019ve suffered them.<\/p>\n<p>Olivia DeJoie \u201917, a candidate for an M.A. in neuroscience, is exploring brain injuries as they relate to incidences of domestic violence. Raskin says, \u201cThis work is important because studies have shown it\u2019s not uncommon for women to sustain mild brain injuries during domestic disputes and be completely unaware of it.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Chloe White \u201918 is studying why a small number of concussion victims endure lasting effects, including attention and memory deficits. Working with Trinity students who have a history of concussions, she is evaluating the effect of diagnosis threat\u2014fear of concussion-related inability to perform well in situations where intellectual capacity is required.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_4651\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"width: 410px\"><a href=\"http:\/\/commons.trincoll.edu\/reporter\/files\/2018\/06\/concussion4.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-4651\" src=\"http:\/\/commons.trincoll.edu\/reporter\/files\/2018\/06\/concussion4.jpg\" alt=\"students balance board testing\" width=\"400\" height=\"599\"><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Anna Hackett \u201920 and Zachary Bitan \u201917 conducting balance-board testing<br \/> Photo: Monica Jorge<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Zachary Bitan \u201917, also an M.A. candidate, is working with Matthew Solomito, Ph.D., of Connecticut Children\u2019s Medical Center on the development of a sophisticated tool called the Elite Balance Protocol (EBP). The EBP goes beyond the static balance test, an examination of an individual\u2019s balance that has long been the standard for evaluating the progress of recovery from a concussion. Bitan says recent research has shown the static test is not sophisticated enough.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe EBP asks patients to perform two tasks at once\u2014a balance test and a cognitive load test,\u201d Bitan says. \u201cThis test is more sensitive to the kinds of deficits seen after concussions. It is Dr. Solomito\u2019s hope that the EBP will become a clinical tool that can aid physicians and sports medicine personnel in more effectively tracking individual recovery progress.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>And then there is Mike Weatherby, the former Trinity football player who suffered a concussion back in 2014. Two years ago when he had a HelmetFit prototype, the first place he asked to test it was his alma mater. The test went exceptionally well, says Mark Moynihan, athletic equipment manager for men\u2019s sports. So well, indeed, that the device is routinely used at Trinity to fit helmets and to maintain ideal air-bladder pressure.<\/p>\n<p>Based on Trinity\u2019s feedback, the device\u2014designed by the Bresslergroup, a prominent Philadelphia engineering company\u2014and its software\u2014created by BrickSimple, a Pennsylvania software development company\u2014were tweaked. A new prototype was successfully tested last year by seven schools, as well as the San Francisco 49ers.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tackling head injuries from several angles By Jim H. Smith Saturday, October 11, 2014, featured a cider-crisp snap in the air\u2014perfect football weather. Trinity, riding a 52-game home-win streak, was hosting the Tufts University Jumbos. The Bantams had begun the season with victories over Colby, Williams, and Hamilton by an impressive cumulative score of 89\u201314. &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.trincoll.edu\/reporter-spring2018\/features\/concussions\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Concussions&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":0,"parent":1464,"menu_order":5,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/commons.trincoll.edu\/reporter-spring2018\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4634"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/commons.trincoll.edu\/reporter-spring2018\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/commons.trincoll.edu\/reporter-spring2018\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/commons.trincoll.edu\/reporter-spring2018\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/34"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/commons.trincoll.edu\/reporter-spring2018\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4634"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/commons.trincoll.edu\/reporter-spring2018\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4634\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5042,"href":"https:\/\/commons.trincoll.edu\/reporter-spring2018\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4634\/revisions\/5042"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/commons.trincoll.edu\/reporter-spring2018\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1464"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/commons.trincoll.edu\/reporter-spring2018\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4634"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}