Exercise 3: How to lie with statistics

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This exercise demonstrates 2 different chart extremes and how lies are told using charts. The first chart shows a substantial amount of growth from the year 1950 to 2010. The year 1950 started with a percentage of 40 and by 2010 the chart is up to 80%. Now the second chart, shows a moderate amount of growth based on the way the line is depicted in the chart. However, both charts are depicting the same data, the same 40% to 80% increase. Yet, the first chart shows a more drastic change than the second. If we study the first chart closely, you will notice the vertical axis begins at 40% and the vertical axis increases by increments of 10. The second chart begins at 0% and the vertical axis increases by increments of 20. By starting this chart at 0 although the first point is 40%, it appeared the growth was less significant because the points were starting much higher up in the chart. This exercise demonstrates how easy it is to manipulate charts in order to lie with statistics. When readings charts, one must pay attention to every aspect of the chart in order to not be fooled by manipulations of charts.