Fall 2020
Class time: Tuesday/ Thursday 11:15 – 12:35 pm online
Class Room: WM 224
Office: DM 301B
Email: rasha.ahmed@trincoll.edu
Office Phone: 860-297-2446
Office Hours on zoom: For Tuesday 4:15 – 5:30 pm click here, for Thursday 1:00 – 2:15 pm click here, or by appointment
Teaching Assistant: Anh Pham
Study Group: Monday 7:00 to 7:50 pm on zoom
Course Description and objectives
In many contexts, environmental and social damages can be significantly reduced if consumers substitute towards greener versions of the regular products consumed, e.g. organic food, energy efficient appliances, and green diamonds. The course will investigate alternative methods to promote the market for green goods. These methods range from regulation to purely voluntary approaches taken by a firm or an entire industry. In addition, the course investigates the role of competition, information, technological advances, and firm image in the development of green markets. The analysis involves the use of microeconomic theory and empirical analysis.
Text
I will cover different chapters from the following textbooks:
Varian, Hal. Intermediate Microeconomics: A Modern Approach. W. W. Norton and Company, 9th edition.
Bergstrom, Theodore and Hal Varian. Intermediate Microeconomics Workouts. W. W. Norton and Company, 9th edition. The accompanying practice book to Intermediate Microeconomics
Tietenbeg, Tom and Lynne Lewis. Environmental and Natural Resource Economics. Routledge 10th ed.
Grading
The grade for this class will be calculated as follows:
Midterm Exam (Oct 6) 25%
Final Exam 25%
Paper 20%
Presentation 5%
Quiz 11%
Assignments 7%
Class Participation 7%
Class Work
- Book Chapters: You are required to review the chapters that will be covered beforehand. This will help you better understand and follow the material covered in class. The lecture slides for some chapters will be posted on the course website. You are expected to print the lecture slides and bring them with you to class.
- Practice Sheets/ End of chapter problems: I will give out a set of practice questions and homework problems every week.
- Reading articles: There are reading articles assigned with every new topic. You are required to carefully read those articles and relate them to the concepts covered in class. There will be questions on each exam covering the readings.
- Discussion Sheets: Whenever a reading article is assigned I will email the class a list of discussion questions. The questions will highlight the most important parts of the readings and prepare students for class discussions. Discussion sheets will be collected when we finish discussing the article in class.
- Paper: You will write a paper analyzing the market of a green good of your choice. Each week I will assign a paper related question and the answer will constitute a section in your paper. The question will typically be related to the topic discussed in class. I will collect your paper drafts every week, grade them and give you feedback. That way you are continuously working on your paper.
- Class Discussion: You are required to participate in class discussion. Participation in class discussion by asking or answering questions or commenting on the material will greatly enhance your understanding. To be able to actively participate in class discussion you should come to class prepared. Students who participate in class typically do better.
- Weekly Quizzes: There will be a weekly quiz every Tuesday on the material covered the week before. The quiz will take no longer than 10 minutes and will highly resemble the end of chapter problems and the practice sheets.
Policies
- I expect you to be in class (in person and on zoom) on time.
- I expect you to have your camera on while on zoom and to be involved in class.
- No cell phones, laptops or electronic devices can be used for the in person class.
- You may not leave class once class started. The same applies to exams.
- I expect you to check your email regularly.
- I do not give makeup quizzes, but I allow you to drop the lowest quiz grade.
- If you accumulate more than two unexcused absences, 1% will be deducted from your final grade for every class missed. Excused absences are those absences for which I receive a note from the Dean of Students’ office.
- I do not give makeup exams unless an emergency situation arises and I get notified by the Dean of Students’ office. The format of the make-up exam will be at my discretion.
- Assignments submitted within a week after the due date will be discounted by 50%.
- It is your responsibility to collect your assignment.
- There are no “extra credit” assignments.
- Dishonest conduct or disruptive behavior will not be tolerated. Please refer to the Student Handbook for a review of requirements.
- I expect you to comply with COVID guidelines.
Finally, students are encouraged to speak with me directly should any concerns or difficulties arise. I am happy to work with students who need extra help. Please feel free to drop by during office hours, send an email or speak with me following class time.
Course Outline
The following is an outline of the topics that will be covered. Additional readings will be assigned as the semester progresses. The outline and dates are intended as a guide and may be changed during the semester.
Week 1, 2 (Sept 8 -17): Do markets take care of the environment? Overview
Tietenbeg and Lewis chapters 1, 2
- Demsetz, H. (1967). “Towards a Theory of Property Rights,” American Economic Review, 57(2): 347- 359.
Week 3 (Sept 22 –24): Market structure and the provision of green goods: perfect competitive and monopoly markets
- Varian, Chapters 24, 25
- Buchanan, James (1969). “External Diseconomies, Corrective Taxes, and Market Structure,” American Economic Review, 59(1): 174-177
- Bearse, Scott, Peter Capozucca , Laura Favret and Brian Lynch (2009). “Finding the Green in Today’s Shoppers: Sustainability Trends and New Shopper Insights,” Deloitte.
Week 4 (Sept 29 – Oct 1): Are we paying the same price? Price discrimination
- Varian, Chapter 26
- Drumaug, Kevin (2012). “Why You should be Wary of Price discrimination in the Real World,” Mother Jones, August 13
- Stepanyant, Edward (2014). “Are You a Victim of Price Discrimination?” GoBankingRates,Dec 22
Week 5 (Oct 6 – 8): Market structure and the provision of green goods: quality differentiated markets
- Shepard, Andrea (1991). “Price Discrimination and Retail Configuration,” Journal of Political Economy, 99(1): 30-53
- Chapter 2 from: Tirole, Jean (1988) The Theory of Industrial Organization, The MIT Press.
Week 6 (Oct 13 -15): What do consumers think? Green preferences and altruistic behavior
- Varian chapter 31
- Reading
Midterm Exam Oct 6
Week 7 (Oct 20 – 22): Corporate Social Responsibility
Presentations start
- Coase, R. H. “The Problem of Social Cost.” The Journal of Law & Economics, vol. 3, 1960, pp. 1–44.
- Arora Seema and Timothy Cason “Why Do Firms Volunteer to Exceed Environmental Regulations? Understanding Participation in EPA’s 33/50 Program,” Land Economics, 72(4): 413- 432
Week 8 (Oct 27- 29): Together we can do it! Group dynamics and Collective Environmental agreements
- Varian chapter 28, 29, 30
- Ahmed, Rasha and Kathleen Segerson (2011). ” Collective Voluntary Agreements to Eliminate Polluting Models,” Resource and Energy Economics, 33(3): 572- 588
- Ahmed, Rasha (2012). “The Design of Voluntary Environmental Programs: Competition and Incentives to Participate,” Strategic Behavior and the Environment, 2(3): 217- 238
Week 9 (Nov 3 -5): They got a lot better! Trade offs and technological advances:
- Helfand, Gloria, & Wolverton, Anne (2011). “Evaluating the consumer response to fuel economy: A review of the literature.” International Review of Environmental and Resource Economics, 5(2), 103-146
- Ahmed, Rasha and Mark Stater (2017). “Is Energy Efficiency Under-provided? An Analysis of the Provision of Energy Efficiency in Multi-Attribute Products,” Resource and Energy Economics, 49: 132- 149.
Week 10 (Nov 10 -12 ): Are they really green? Product information and eco labeling
- Varian Chapter 38
- Akerlof, George A. “The Market for ‘Lemons’: Quality Uncertainty and the Market Mechanism.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol. 84, no. 3, 1970, pp. 488–500
- McAuliffe R. (1988). “The FTC and the Effectiveness of Cigarette Advertising Regulations,”Journal of Public Policy and Marketing, 7:49-64
Final Exam*
* If you would like to get back your final exam, you may give me a self-addressed, stamped postcard or envelope and I will mail you the final exam and course grades.