Example 1: Plagiarize the original text by copying portions of it word-for-word.
The value-added scores also fluctuate between years. A teacher who gets a particular ranking in year one is likely to get a different ranking the next year.
Example 2: Plagiarize the original text by paraphrasing its structure too closely, without copying it word-for-word.
Between years, there are fluctuations in value-added scores. A teacher’s ranking is likely to change from one year to the next.
Example 3: Plagiarize the original text by paraphrasing its structure too closely, and include a citation. Even though you cited it, paraphrasing too closely is still plagiarism.
As Ravitch says, value added rankings will always be unstable. Some changes reflect real changes in performance, but a performance ranking is hard to trust if the chances of getting the same score from one year to the next are the same as the flip of a coin (Ravitch p.271).
Example 4: Properly paraphrase from the original text by restating the author’s ideas in different words and phrases, and include a citation to the original source.
Ravitch explains that value added rankings are unreliable. Some of the changes that they measure reflect actual changes in performance. However, the fact that results change so significantly from year to year makes this type of assessment hard to trust (Ravitch p.271).
Example 5: Properly paraphrase from the original text by restating the author’s ideas in different words and phrases, add a direct quote, and include a citation to the original source.
Ravitch explains that value added rankings are unreliable. Some of the changes that they measure reflect actual changes in performance. However, the rankings are unreliable due to the fact that the odds of getting the same results from one year to the next “are no better than a coin toss”(Ravitch p.271).
Works Cited
Ravitch, Diane. The Death and Life of the Great American School System: How Testing
and Choice Are Undermining Education. New York: Basic, 2010. Print.
Based on the avoiding plagiarism assignment, you successfully demonstrated a clear understanding of the concepts. There’s only one flaw: look at your title and learn to correctly spell plagiarism.